Dynamics of Speed Table of Contents Introduction    How to Use This Manual The Basic Equation It’s All Tires    Grip    Load Paths Within the Tire    Tire Slippage Through the Contact Patch:  Straight Line Rolling    Tire Slippage Through the Contact Patch:  Corning Slip Angles Go vs. Slow – Minimizing Friction and Drag    Straight Line Rolling Resistance    Cornering Rolling Resistance – Induced Drag    Parasitic Drag    Aerodynamic Drag Tires Again – Rolling Resistance Revisited    The Tire Itself            Rim Diameter            Tire Width            Rim Width             Air Pressure            Amount of Rubber on the Tire            Tire Profile            Tire Construction            Tire Compound             Tire Chemicals    Tuning the Tire and Chassis System            The Tire’s Normal (or Vertical) Loading            The Tire’s Lateral Loading            The Tire’s Longitudinal Loading (Acceleration or Deceleration)            The Combination of How the Tires are Loaded at Any Given Time            The Track Condition Variation Which Each of the Tires Experience            Tuning the Chassis Preparing for the Driver    Getting Comfortable    Getting the Balance            Close Enough to Tune Beyond the Tires    The Chassis    The Seat    The Body Chassis Dynamics    Static Conditions and Their Correlation to Dynamic Conditions    Rear Stagger    Front End  Geometry            Longitudinal Movement (Forward and Backward)            Lateral Movement (Inward)            Vertical Movement (Up and Down)            Camber Gain            Ackermann    Weight Transfer    Lateral Weight Transfer    Longitudinal Weight Transfer    Vertical Weight Transfer (or weight gain due to banked corners)    Transient Conditions            Dynamic Grip Potential            Turn-in            From Turn-in to Apex            Apex            Center Off            Cornering Differences on Slick Tracks and High Bite Tracks            Straightaway    Track Size and Its Effect on Setup    Track Surface and Chassis Dynamics 20 Laps The Driver Saturday Night Racing Jr Drivers Oval Kart Chassis Development    Generation 1 – ~1992 to 1996    Generation 2 – 1997 to mid 1999    Generation 3 – mid 1999 to 2004 and on     Generation 4 – 2004 to ?? Chassis Adjustments    LF Camber    RF Camber    Left Weight    Nose Weight    Cross Weight    LF and RF Castor    RF Lead    Rear Axle Lead    Front Stagger    RF Spacing (on the spindle)    LF Spacing (on the spindle)    RR Spacing    LR Spacing    LR Rim Width    Right Side Rim Widths Tuning With Tires    New or Old Rubber Tuning With Tire Temperatures    Requirements for Tire Temperatures and Pressure Gains Before Analyzing    Tire Temperatures vs. Pressure Gain    How Does a Tire Generate Temperature?    What to Look At    What To Look For            The Individual Tire Temperatures            The Average Temperature for Each Tire            Left vs. Right and Front vs. Rear            Cross vs. Off Temperatures    Problems with Tuning with Tires Data Acquisition    Lap Time Analysis    RPM Analysis    Speed Analysis    Lateral G Analysis Questions and Answers    The Kart Is Tight Center Out (on the RR)    The Kart is Pushing From the Center Off    My Kart is Loose Exiting the Corner    The Kart is Neither Loose nor Tight nor Pushing, It Is Just Slow    The Kart is Loose at Initial Turn-In    The Kart Won’t Turn Down Into the Corner    The Kart Drives Good and I Know the Tires are Good But I’m still 0.2 sec Off    The Kart is Fast at the Start but Starts to Slow Down By the End of the Race    The Kart Takes Too Long to Come In    Is There Any Advantage to Running a Big Steering Wheel or Moving the Tie Rod on the Pitman Arm    My Kart Doesn’t Respond to Changes    My Kart Slides in One Location in One Corner, But I’m as Fast or Faster Than Anyone            Else    I’m As Fast as Everyone Else in the Last Practice but They All Pick Up for Qualifying            and I Don’t    How Much Castor Should I run? Glossary